Inflation Reduction Act Tracker

Sabin Center for Climate Change Law
Environmental Defense Fund

IRA Section 60103 – Greenhouse Gas Reduction Fund

Section 60103 of the IRA amends the Clean Air Act to add a new section 134. Section 134 appropriates $7 billion to the EPA Administrator to make grants and provide other financial and technical assistance to states, municipalities, tribal governments, and eligible nonprofit organizations to enable low-income and disadvantages communities to deploy or benefit from zero-emission technologies and to carry out other greenhouse gas emission reduction activities. Section 134 also appropriates an additional $19.97 billion to the EPA Administrator to make grants to eligible non-profit organizations to provide financial and technical assistance to implement such projects, with $8 billion of that set aside specifically for providing assistance in in low-income and disadvantaged communities. The appropriated funds will remain available until September 30, 2024.

Section 134 also appropriates $30 million to cover administrative costs associated with these activities. Those funds will remain available until September 30, 2031.

Eligible Entities:

State/Territorial Government, Local Government, Native American/Indigenous Community, Non-profit Organization

Environmental Justice Considerations:

Funds are made available to eligible recipients to enable low-income and disadvantages communities to deploy or benefit from zero-emission technologies and to carry out other greenhouse gas emission reduction activities.

Current Status:

Program paused, Contracts / Funds Revoked from Recipient, Repealed or Modified by Congress, Funds Rescinded by Congress

Section 60002 of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act of 2025 (Public Law 119-21) repealed and rescinded unobligated funds under this IRA provision.

Trump Administration Actions:

Implementation Status at End of Biden Administration:

Complete

Section 60103 of the IRA appropriates a total of $27 billion to EPA – $7 billion to make grants and provide other financial and technical assistance to enable low-income and disadvantaged communities to deploy or benefit from zero-emission technologies and to carry out other greenhouse gas emission reduction activities; $19.97 billion to make grants to eligible non-profit organizations to provide financial and technical assistance to implement such projects, with $8 billion of that set aside specifically for providing assistance in low-income and disadvantaged communities. The appropriated funds will remain available until September 30, 2024. The provision also appropriates $30 million to cover administrative costs associated with these activities. Those funds will remain available until September 30, 2031.

All funds were awarded in April 2024. At that time, EPA announced eight selected recipients for the $20 billion in grant awards within the Greenhouse Gas Reduction Fund (GGRF). These eight applicants have supported thousands of individuals, businesses, and community organizations to access capital for climate and clean energy projects. These awards will catalyze tens of thousands of more projects like these nationally for decades. In April 2024, EPA also announced 60 awardees of $7 billion in funding from the Solar for All grant competition which aims to deliver residential solar projects to over 900,000 low-income and disadvantaged households nationwide. The $7 billion investment will generate over $350 million of savings annually on electric bills for overburdened households in addition to reducing household carbon dioxide emissions equivalents by 30 million metric tons cumulatively. Furthermore, the program will generate an estimated 200,000 high-quality union-eligible jobs in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, U.S. territories, and Tribal Territories.

Litigation:

In Climate United Fund v. Citibank (filed March 8, 2025), a consolidated case, NCIF and CCIA recipients and sub-recipients sued EPA, Administrator Zeldin, and Citibank to challenge the freeze and subsequent termination of GGRF grants in violation of the Administrative Procedure Act, the Due Process Clause, the Appropriations Clause, and contracts. On April 15, the court issued a preliminary injunction in the consolidated GGRF case preventing EPA from giving effect to its grant terminations and ordering Citibank to unfreeze plaintiffs’ accounts.

On April 15, 2025, EPA filed an appeal of the preliminary injunction in the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals. On April 16, the court issued a partial administrative stay of the district court’s preliminary injunction. EPA filed its brief on May 5 and Climate United Fund filed its brief on May 12. On July 3, EPA submitted a letter to court stating its position on fund disbursements in light of Congress repealing the GGRF program and rescinding unobligated funds in the budget reconciliation bill. On July 7, 2025, Climate United and other plaintiffs filed a response letter. On September 2, the court issued its decision, setting aside the district court’s preliminary injunction. On December 17, the court granted the plaintiffs’ petition for a rehearing en banc and vacated the court’s September 2 decision. The April 16 partial administrative stay remains in effect. The federal government filed its brief on January 9, 2026. On January 16, 23 Republican state attorneys general filed an amicus brief in support of the federal government. The plaintiffs’ brief is due on February 2. Oral argument is scheduled for February 24, 2026.

For information on EPA’s and awardees’ obligations under the GGRF programs relevant to the litigation, see the following key documents:

In Rhode Island AFL-CIO v. EPA (filed October 6, 2025), labor and other organizations filed a complaint against EPA for unlawfully terminating the Solar for All program in violation of the Administrative Procedure Act and the Constitution. On December 1, EPA filed a motion to transfer the case to the DC District Court. The plaintiffs oppose the motion. The plaintiffs also filed a protective petition for review in the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals in the event that the court finds it to be the appropriate forum for this lawsuit.

In Harris County, Texas v. EPA (filed October 13, 2025), Harris County, Texas filed a complaint against EPA for unlawfully terminating the Solar for All program in violation of the Administrative Procedure Act and the Constitution. On October 24, Harris County filed a motion for a preliminary injunction. The plaintiffs also filed a protective petition for review in the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals in the event that the court finds it to be the appropriate forum for this lawsuit.

In Maryland Clean Energy Center v. United States (filed October 15, 2025), a coalition of states filed a complaint against the United States in the Court of Federal Claims for terminating Solar for All grant awards in breach of contract, and seeking monetary damages.  On December 9, the government filed a motion to stay pending the outcome of Arizona v. EPA (No. 25-cv-2015). Oral argument was held on January 21, 2026. On the same day, the court granted defendants’ motion to stay the case.

In Arizona v. EPA (filed October 16, 2025), a coalition of states filed a complaint against EPA for unlawfully terminating the Solar for All program in violation of the Administrative Procedure Act and the Constitution. On November 14, the plaintiffs filed a motion for a preliminary injunction. Oral argument was held on January 8, 2026. The plaintiffs also filed a protective petition for review in the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals in the event that the court finds it to be the appropriate forum for this lawsuit.